Dataset

This dataset was created by tolgahancepel

Contents

Raw QCM data

Dataset

This dataset was created by Minhaj Uddin

Contents

This project presents a lab-made instrument to measure the amount of arsenic present in water. This natural pollutant compromises the potability of water for humans, with a maximum limit of 10 ug L-1 in drinking water. Its presence in Argentina underground water is extended along a large area involving several provinces. The system uses flow-batch technology to handle the samples. This technology has several advantages over traditional methods: it uses small samples reducing the amount of reagents and residues left after the measurements, it can be systematized as the control of the procedure is made with a computing device, it can be implemented in the lab with low-cost elements, and provides high precision in the results when properly configured. Flow-batch systems are increasingly being used in analytical chemistry. In the case of this instrument, the flow-batch system is used to process the sample in order to isolate the arsenic present in the water. The measurement is indirect as it is the arsine present in the gaseous output what is measured through a QCM microbalance. QCM is a special quartz crystal that varies its resonanting frequency, or what is the same its admittance equivalent according to the dopping of its surface. As the gaseous arsine flows into the chamber the surface of the QCM is dopped with it and in this way its admittance is changed. The whole control of the flow-batch system and the gaseous flow is handled with a microcontroller platform based on the ESP-32 device while the admittance measurement is done with a commercial FPGA instrument. The system was built in the lab using several commercial elements like the solenoid valves or stepper motors. Beaker, reaction and measurement chambers were built in the lab, like the PCB and the assembly of the electronics together with different pieces specially design and built with a 3D printer for the peristaltic pump and several other elements.

This document provides an introduction to the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) which is an instrument that allows a user to monitor small mass changes on an electrode. The reader is directed to the numerous reviews1 and book chapters2 for a more in-depth description concerning the theory and application of the QCM. A basic understanding of electrical components and concepts is assumed.

The two major points of this document are:

Explanation of the Piezoelectric Effect

Equivalent Circuit Models

The application of a mechanical strain to certain types of materials (mostly crystals) results in the generation of an electrical potential across that material. Conversely, the application of a potential to the same material results in a mechanical strain (a deformation). Removal of the potential allows the crystal to restore to its original orientation. The igniters on gas grills are a good example of everyday use of the piezoelectric effect. Depressing the button causes the spring-loaded hammer to strike a quartz crystal thereby producing a large potential that discharges across a gap to a metal wire igniting the gas.

Quartz is by far the most widely utilized material for the development of instruments containing oscillators partly due to historical reasons (the first crystals were harvested naturally) and partly due to its commercial availability (synthetically grown nowadays). There are many ways to cut quartz crystals and each cut has a different vibrational mode upon application of a potential. The AT-cut has gained the most use in quartz crystal microbalance applications due to its low temperature coefficient at room temperature. This means that small changes in temperature only result in small changes in frequency. It has a vibrational mode of thickness shear deformation as shown in Figure 1.

QCM measurements inside Magnum-PSI with tungsten, molybdenum, copper, tin and lithium targets. Also 2 null measurements in open air without deposition are included. A logbook is included with information about all the measurements

Supporting experimental and modelling data for the manuscript entitled "Technical Note: Modelling and in-situ measurements of the oxidation kinetics in films of a cooking aerosol proxy using a Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation monitoring (QCM-D)" by Adam Milsom et al. 2023.

Includes raw QCM-D data with the numbers at the beginning of the files corresponding to the experiment numbers in the manuscript.

Normalised Raman peak area data for modelling and model ensemble outputs, including uptake coefficients.

Application of a qcm in general chemistry laboratory to detect phase changes in alcohols.

Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) is used to analyse the water uptake characteristics of size-resolved ambient aerosol particles sampled from a high-altitude pristine location on the Western Ghats of India. The data represents frequency measurements obtained using QCM and relative humidity (RH) data for different size ranges of particles.

The synthesis of a dithiol-functionalized pyrene derivative is reported, together with studies of interactions between this receptor (and other related pyrenes) and nitroaromatic compounds (NACs), in both solution and in the solid state. Spectroscopic analysis in solution and X-ray crystallographic analysis of cocrystals of pyrene and NACs in the solid state indicate that supramolecular interactions lead to the formation of defined π–π stacked complexes. The dithiol-functionalized pyrene derivative can be used to modify the surface of a gold quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) to create a unique π-electron rich surface, which is able to interact with electron poor aromatic compounds. For example, exposure of the modified QCM surface to the nitroaromatic compound 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT) in solution results in a reduction in the resonant frequency of the QCM as a result of supramolecular interactions between the electron-rich pyrenyl surface layer and the electron-poor DNT molecules. These results suggest the potential use of such modified QCM surfaces for the detection of explosive NACs.

Experimental data obtained from the gas sensor array with eight QCM sensors containing different sorbents. Samples are children plastic toys. Reference results of qualitative analysis by GC MS are also presented.

test*.qsd Binary data files from the QCM-D generated by QSoft. The filenames give the conditions used for each measurement. test*.txt Comma-separated value versions of the QCM-D binary files. The filenames give the conditions used for each measurement. Origin data summary*.opj Origin project files that were used to calculate the rate constants. No plain text versions are available. exponential rate analysis summary citrate EDTA.xlsx An indexed summary of the rate constants that were determined by QCM-D. Also includes the tests for normality of the rate constant distribution, Grubb's tests for outliers, statistical significance testing and summary charts. Fig* Figure Origin and image files. Number after Fig matches figure number in main text or supplementary information.

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Aniline vapor must be immediately detected at low concentrations since it is a hazardous gaseous chemical. Here, ppb level aniline vapor is detected using the metal-organic framework of UIO-66-SO3H. Utilizing a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensing platform, the aniline adsorption-induced mass change of UIO-66-SO3H is converted to a signal of frequency shift. The sensor can detect a concentration of 20 ppb of aniline vapor and has good sensitivity for this purpose. Additionally, the sensor’s repeatability and stability are satisfactory. Notably, the sensor’s selectivity is prominent. Its response to aniline is much higher than that of ten interfering gases and BTEX vapor. And even in conditions with varying levels of humidity, this sensor maintains response stability.

In a research project "KILLFILM," conducted at the host institute (Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture Fisheries and Food: ILVO) in Belgium and funded by Flanders' Food, a significant number and diversity of bacterial species were recovered from food contact surfaces in the milk processing industries following cleaning and disinfection (C&D) procedures. This study involved identified dominant bacteria on the surface of dairy pasteurizers following C&D and included Stenotrophomonas rhizophila (B68), Bacillus licheniformis (B65), and Microbacterium lacticum (B30). Bacterial biofilm forming ability in monoculture and mixed culture biofilms was confirmed on polystyrene and stainless steel surfaces. We also used Quartz crystal microbaance with dissipiation (QCM-D) to study adherence and dispersal signals for the three above mentioned bacteria using the QCM-D E4 instrument (Q-sense Gothenburg, Sweden). 5 MHz AT-cut quartz crystals with silica (SiO₂) and stainless steel coatings were purchased from Biolin Scientific (Gothenburg, Sweden). The sensors were cleaned according to the method described earlier Derick et al., 2023.

In each experiment, we initially stabilized the frequency shift and energy dissipation signals for at least 20 minutes in a cell-free medium, ensuring a stable baseline. After this, we introduced a suspension of cells to the sensor, maintaining a flow rate of 100 µl/min for 60 minutes. Following the cell addition, the cells were allowed to interact with the sensor surface in a static state for 18-48 h. During this period, we continuously monitored the frequency shift and energy dissipation at a controlled room temperature of approximately 19 ± 0.5 °C. For comparison, we conducted similar measurements using cell-free buffer solutions. Unless specified otherwise, our data analysis primarily focused on the 7th overtone. This particular overtone is more sensitive to the presence of the cell body compared to lower overtones, which might detect bacteria-free medium or appendages. Higher overtones, in contrast, are more sensitive to changes at the cell-body/chip interface, including any trapped medium and cell appendages. The protocol was adapted from Derick et al., 2023.

In the metadata each strain has been represented by its strains name: B68, B30 and B65. S1, S3 and S4 represent three different compartments in which the samples were run at the same time. BHI broth was for all experiments.

Reference:

Derick et al. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/pssa.202300310.

A list of the top 50 QCM Cayman Ltd holdings showing which stocks are owned by QCM Cayman Ltd's hedge fund.

Market Overview:

The global quartz Microbalance (QMB) market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 6.5% from 2022 to 2030. The growth in the quartz microbalance (QMB) market can be attributed to the increasing demand for QMBs in electrochemical and biomedicine applications. In addition, the growing demand for food detection is also contributing to the growth of the quartz microbalance (QMB) market. North America dominates the global quartz microbalance (QMB) market, followed by Europe and Asia Pacific.

Product Definition:

A quartz microbalance (QMB) is a device used to measure the mass of very small samples with great precision. It does this by suspending the sample on a thin wire or fiber and measuring the change in its weight as it absorbs or releases moisture. This information can then be used to calculate the sample's water content. The QMB is important for measuring moisture levels in pharmaceuticals, foods, and other products where it is critical to ensure that only the desired amount of water is present.

Gravimetric QCM:

Gravimetric QCM (Quartz Crystal Microbalance) is a device used for measuring mass on a micro-scale. It works by detecting the change in weight of an element when it is placed on or moved near a crystal. Also, this device can be used for measuring the thickness of a film. Mainly, it is used for characterizing a material, studying the kinetics of a reaction, or monitoring a process. So, in this method, the weight of a substance is measured on a very small scale.

Non-gravimetric QCM:

Non-gravimetric QCM (NQCM) is a type of quantum chemistry method that does not rely on the classical concepts of particle or wave properties. It uses Quantum Mechanical Treatment (QMT) to calculate chemical and physical properties using wave functions and their amplitudes. The most important application area for this technology is in the study of chemical reactions, molecular dynamics, and solid-state physics.

Application Insights:

The electrochemical industry dominated the global market in terms of revenue share in 2014. The electrochemical industry is anticipated to grow at a CAGR of XX% over the forecast period owing to rising demand for QMBs with high stability and accuracy in fuel cells, batteries, and other energy storage devices. This industry is followed by the healthcare industry. Increased use of QMBs in the healthcare industry is anticipated to drive market growth in this industry.

Regional Analysis:

North America dominated the global market in terms of revenue share in 2019. The region is projected to continue its dominance over the forecast period owing to high product demand from various end-use industries, such as chemical and petrochemical, food and beverage, and environmental monitoring applications. Moreover, increasing R&D activities for the development of new products by key companies are also contributing towards regional growth.

Growth Factors:

• Increasing demand from pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries for QMBs to measure the concentration of biomolecules in solution.
• Rising application of QMBs in the food and beverage industry for quality control and research purposes.
• The growing popularity of miniaturized QMB systems that can be used for point-of-care diagnostics.
• The proliferation of nanotechnology and the development of novel materials that require characterization by QMB techniques.
• The emergence of new markets such as environmental monitoring, medical diagnostics, and homeland security, etc.

Report Scope

Source data files for Figure 6 and Figure S8.

SPM files were from the AFM, XYZ files are the text outputs that were processed by a Python 3 script.

Raw QCM data is in a Microsoft Excel XML file.

Final worked up version of the figure is in the Unicode Origin Project file.

Credit report of Qcm Sa contains unique and detailed export import market intelligence with it's phone, email, Linkedin and details of each import and export shipment like product, quantity, price, buyer, supplier names, country and date of shipment.

This Excel file summarises all of the data used to calculate the target mean and standard deviation of the in-house QCM, along with Cochran test results.